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Jane Eyre

by Charlotte Brontë

19th Century Novel
Overview

Jane Eyre is a groundbreaking novel about an orphaned governess who overcomes poverty and hardship to find love and independence. The story of Jane's growth from an abused child to a morally strong, independent woman explores themes of feminism, morality, social class, and the search for belonging.

Plot Summary
  • 1Orphan Jane suffers abuse at her aunt's house and is sent to harsh Lowood School
  • 2Jane becomes a governess at Thornfield Hall and falls in love with Mr. Rochester
  • 3On their wedding day, Jane discovers Rochester has a mad wife locked in the attic
  • 4Jane flees Thornfield and is taken in by the Rivers family
  • 5Jane discovers she has inherited money and is related to the Rivers
  • 6Jane returns to Rochester, now blind and free to marry after his wife's death
Key Themes
  • Independence and self-respect
  • Social class and gender equality
  • Morality and Christian values
  • The search for love and belonging
  • Passion versus duty
  • The position of women in Victorian society
Main Characters
  • Jane Eyre: Passionate but morally principled narrator seeking love and independence
  • Edward Rochester: Brooding master of Thornfield with a dark secret
  • Bertha Mason: Rochester's first wife, hidden in the attic
  • St. John Rivers: Cold, ambitious clergyman who proposes to Jane
  • Helen Burns: Jane's friend at Lowood who teaches her forgiveness
  • Mrs. Reed: Jane's cruel aunt who raises her
Historical & Literary Context
  • Published in 1847 during early Victorian England
  • Brontë challenged conventions by creating a plain, poor, but morally strong heroine
  • Reflects limited options available to educated but poor women
  • Explores tensions between passion and Victorian moral expectations
  • Revolutionary for featuring a female narrator asserting her equality
Exam Relevance & Tips
  • Analyze Jane's character development and moral education throughout the novel
  • Examine how Brontë presents the position of women in Victorian society
  • Discuss the role of passion versus duty in Jane's decisions
  • Consider the gothic elements and symbolism (the red room, fire, Bertha)
  • Explore how social class affects Jane's relationships and opportunities
Why This Matters

Jane Eyre remains a landmark feminist novel that redefined what a heroine could be. Its assertion that women deserve respect, independence, and equality regardless of beauty or wealth was revolutionary, while its exploration of how to balance passion with principle continues to resonate with readers seeking to live with integrity.